I'm kinda in the same boat waiting for someone more knowledgeable to answer about the capture stuff as I posted a similar thread last week.
I can however comment on a couple of your points.
If you have a choice I would go with 12 volt strips just due to Ohm's law. You can push further with higher voltage so you can get away with fewer power injection points. The PSU should have a label on the side that tells you how many amps it can provide on each rail....Like for 5v +, 12v + and so on.
This is what you need to look at to be able to tell, but I have some very old 300w PSUs that say they can give 20 amps on the 5v+ rail so you are most likely ok there. Rule of thumb I go by is never go past 80% of what is rated.
So doing some quick math and looking at the 2815 strip (12v) you linked we have it rated for Power: 34.5 watt/meter, 172.5 watt/16.4ft
So lets round to 175 watts which at 12 volts gives us just under 15 amps DC. 16 is 80% of 20 so I wouldn't use a power supply that can give less than 20 amps DC on the 12volt+ rail.
This is with 144 leds/meter though. Your choice of course, but you probably don't need that density for a nice ambient display. The power budget would be much less with less leds (duh, I know) and so would the price.
Keep us updated with your build. I'm interested to see how it goes as I'm still trying to buy (working) components for mine.