Try grounding unused inputs on the shifter, here is a example.
(node mcu pin = Rpi pin)
However, I've was never able to get a good working ws281x led with wires >0.5 meters.
The closer the led strip to whatever is sending the data, the better.
A Arduino works good as a data relay if you can't avoid a long run of wire between Rpi and strip. The data is sent via USB to the Arduino, then and the Arduino (that is a few cm away) translates the data and drives the leds. The wiki has some info on the Arduino setup. The forum as well.
Hope is of help.